Understanding Uterine Cancer: Causes and Risk Factors
Uterine cancer, also known as endometrial cancer, is a type of cancer that begins in the lining of the uterus (endometrium). It is the most common cancer of the female reproductive system, affecting primarily women after menopause. Early detection and treatment are crucial for improving survival rates.
Symptoms of Uterine Cancer
The most common symptom of uterine cancer is abnormal vaginal bleeding. This can include bleeding between periods or after menopause, which should never be ignored. Other potential symptoms may include:
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Pain during urination or sexual intercourse
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Unexplained weight loss
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Pelvic pain or pressure
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Abnormal discharge from the vagina
If you experience any of these symptoms, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider for evaluation and diagnosis.
Diagnosis of Uterine Cancer
To diagnose uterine cancer, doctors typically start with a pelvic exam and may recommend further tests such as:
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Ultrasound: To examine the uterus and detect abnormal growths.
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Endometrial biopsy: A procedure where a small sample of tissue from the uterus is collected and examined for cancer cells.
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D&C (dilation and curettage): A procedure to remove tissue from the lining of the uterus to check for cancer.
Treatment Options for Uterine Cancer
Treatment for uterine cancer depends on the stage and grade of the cancers. Common treatment methods include:
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Surgery: Removal of the uterus (hysterectomy) is the most common treatment.
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Radiation Therapy: Targeted radiation to destroy cancer cells.
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Chemotherapy: Used for advanced cancer or when cancer cells have spread.
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Hormone Therapy: For certain types of uterin cancers, hormone therapy may help slow cancers growth.
Prevention and Risk Factors
While some risk factors for uterine cancers, such as age and genetics, are out of control, certain lifestyle changes may lower your risk. Maintaining a healthy weight, managing diabetes, and using birth control pills have been linked to a reduced risk of uterine cancers.
Early detection and prompt treatment are key to improving outcomes. Regular gynecological exams and being aware of any unusual symptoms can make a significant difference.
